Submit a 3-page analysis of the case study. In your analysis, do the following:

• Identify two of French and Raven’s bases of power in the case study, and explain how leaders can use these bases of power to exert influence. 
• Explain how you might use your knowledge of French and Raven’s theory to resolve one of the problems presented in the case study. Justify your response.

There have been many stories throughout history of leaders who have been corrupted by their power. The very definition of leadership as “a process by which an individual influences the group to achieve a common goal” (Northouse, 2016, p. 6) implies the power to exert influence. Leaders must exert power in order to lead, but they must also strive to understand the complexities of power. Research by French and Raven (1959) and by others (Burns, 1976; Neck & Manz, 1994) provides insight on the types, or bases, of power available to a leader, the process of choosing among those bases, and the motivations for leaders’ choices (Northouse, 2016, p. 379). Recent researchers (Barbuto & Warneke, 2014; Vevere, 2014) also explore the effectiveness of using individual bases of power in particular situations and the effects certain bases of powers have on leaders and those they lead. Armed with this information, leaders can avoid utilizing certain bases of power when the choice may lead to negative consequences. They can instead choose to wield power in ways that will foster organizational success. Understanding the bases also gives both leaders and followers insight into situations they observe and difficult interpersonal interactions they negotiate.

To prepare for this Assignment, consider Case Study 7.1, “His Team Gets the Best Assignments” on pages 150–151 of Northouse (2016).

 

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1. The assumption of homogeneity of variances was tested, Levene’s Test, F(2, 432) = .75, p = .48. Was the assumption tenable?

2. One-way ANOVA has more assumptions than the independent samples t test.

3. Why would a researcher choose to conduct a one-way ANOVA rather than multiple independent samples t-tests?

4. Histograms are used for what purpose when conducting a one-way ANOVA?

5. Assuming that a researcher hopes to demonstrate that a treatment or group membership variable makes a significant difference in outcomes. Which term does the researcher hope will be larger: MSbetween or MSwithin?

6. An analysis of variance demonstratedthe following results for the effect of type of course, F(2,27) = 6.56, p = .07. Students in online courses (M = 12.4, SD = 2.26, n = 10), blended courses (M = 13.62, SD = 5.56, n = 10), and the residential courses (M = 14.65, SD = 7.56, n = 10) were measured on their sense of community. What can be concluded based on these results?

7. A one-way analysis of variance was conducted to evaluate the null hypothesis that there is no difference high school students’ level of satisfaction with school based on their family’s socioeconomic status. The independent variable, socioeconomic status, included three groups: Low (M = 21.36, SD = 4.75, n = 147), Moderate (M = 24.10,SD = 4.15, n = 153), and High (M = 29.73, SD = 6.85, n = 135). The researcher found, F(2 , ? ) = 4.64, p = .01. What is the df for

8. The result of a one-way ANOVA for total stress symptoms among four groups of teachers (pre-k, elementary, middle, high school) was F(3, 117) = 3.827, p < .05. The corresponding effect size,η2 = .26. What can be concluded about these results?

9. Which is NOT a follow-up test that could be done to assess whether all possible pair wise comparisons of group means were significant in a one-way ANOVA?.

10. If the null hypothesis is rejected in a one-way ANOVA with three groups, then we can infer that:

11. A one-way analysis of variance was conducted.  The results of the ANOVA were significant, F(2, 432) = 3.75, p = .03. A pair wise comparison of group means was conducted. Based on this information, which pair wise comparison test is the “best” choice and most widely used in educational research?

12. A one-way ANOVA was conducted and the researcher tested the assumption of homogeneity of variances. How can the researcher test this assumption?

13. Describe the F ratio.

14. What would be the minimum group size for an ANOVA for large effect size were eta squared = .20, alpha = .05, k = 3 groups, and statistical power equals .80?

15. Eta squared is the ratio of the between sum of squares divided by the total sum of squares.  

 

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