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Hi, need to submit a 14750 words essay on the topic Traffic Light Project.

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3.3.14 PCB board for Trafficl Light Controller No.2 Circuit..32

3.3.15 Traffic Light Controller Model (view no. 1)32

3.3.16 Traffic Light Controller Model (view no. 2)33

3.3.17 Traffic Light Controller Model (view no. 3)33

4.3.1 Ambulance Safety Pass Traffic Light Simulation using

Quick II Program. 37

4.3.2 System Block Diagram of Ambulance Safety Pass

Traffic Light Controller..38

4.3.3 Circuit Diagram of Ambulance Safety Pass

Traffic Light Controller..39

4.3.4 Insertion of limiting resistor between power supply and load…40

4.3.5 Derivation of output voltage under no load and under

load conditions..41

4.3.6 Traffic Lights Power Supply.42

4.3.7 Power Supply Actual Circuit.42

4.3.8 Recommended power supply for future projects..43

4.3.9 Remote Control Unit to activate and deactivate

Ambulance Safety Pass traffic lights43

4.3.10 Traffic Light LEDs……….. 44

4.3.11 FAB Micro Controller 44

4.3.12 Actual circuits built for Ambulance Safety Pass

Traffic Light Controller. 45

4.3.13 Model of road crossing and traffic lights… 46

4.3.14 FAB AF-20 Series Micro Controller.. 50

A.1 R-S Flip Flop… 52

A.2 Timing Diagram of the R-S Flip Flop.. 53

A.3 D Type Flip Flop. 54

A.4 D Flip Flop Symbol 54

A.5 Synchronization in a D type latch 55

A.6 Master-Slave D Type Flip Flop 56

A.7 D Type Flip Flop Finite State Machine.. 56

A.8 T Type Flip Flop Finite State Machine 57

A.9 J-K Type Flip Flop Finite State Machine 57

A.10 Edge-triggered D Type Flip Flop.. 58

A.11 Edge-triggered D Type Flip Flop with Preset and Clear.. 59

LIST OF TABLES

2.1 Basic Traffic Light Controller No. 1 Light Sequence.8

3.1 Basic Traffic Light Controller No. 2 Light Sequence.24

4.1 Ambulance Safety Pass Light…

The third type of traffic light controller is for Ambulance Safe Pass Traffic Lights to allow safe passage of ambulances in both North/ South and East/ West directions. For this type of traffic light controller, a FAB intelligent micro controller unit is used to program the desired traffic light sequence that includes the ambulance safe pass sequence.

The building blocks inside Johnson decade counters, astable multi-vibrator timers and the FAB micro controller such as logic circuits, flip flops, Karnaugh maps, truth tables and Boolean expressions are also presented in the Appendix section of the report.

Traffic lights are an essential part of modern life, especially with the increasing number of vehicles that coincides with the increasing number of population. Traffic lights not only regulate traffic flow in the streets but more importantly prevent the occurrence of vehicular accidents. Roads without traffic lights are unimaginable. The traffic light controller is a sequential device that needs to be designed and programmed through multiple step procedures. A proper traffic light requires accurate timing, correct cycling through the states, and responds to outside outputs such as walk signals or ambulance safe passage.

The objective of this report is to design and implement traffic light controllers for a simple North/ South and East/ West road crossing as shown in figure below.